Android can be much more private than iOS if you pull the right levers - GrapheneOS is based on Android after all.

Sure, can be. On the other hand, most people are running Google’s Android or a PRC-market exclusive offshoot on Samsung, Xiaomi, Huawei and OnePlus phones. That’s Android. Everything else is a rounding error.

How do you stop signaling to Google on android without using GrapheneOS or another aftermarket OS?