Well, it definitely is a meme as defined by Dawkins[0]. In general, I would say that analogies and metaphors like this one have a huge impact on normal science, and are one of the main things that change during a paradigm shift. I recall a great example in how 150 years ago people thought of the body's physiology as analogous to a steam engine with downstream effects due to pressure building up, contrasted to how in today's computer age, we tend to think of physiology in terms of signal processing.
I agree, the imagery that we use in metaphor (in speech, visually, or in conception) influences how we think about things - and a popular analogy like that about the mitochondria is certainly a meme, a "cultural information transfer".
As you pointed out, a fairly recent meme is "the brain is the computer of the body", and maybe "the Internet is the brain of humanity".
