One note regarding the pole transformers: in many parts of the US they've migrated to underground cabling and larger transformers. My neighborhood has that, and we have about 1 transformer every 4 houses or so. No idea how big the transformer is from a kVA rating, but pretty much every house has 240V/200A service, so they must be pretty large. The transformers themselves are approximately 3' x 3' x 3' and enclosed in a box at the front of certain yards.
This map references all transformers and distribution lines for the french network nationwide for terminal loops. These are open data:
Enedis is a the public operator.
"Poste" is the French Jargon for transformer. BT is for low voltage. HT is for anything >1000V.
Like you will see yourself, the density of transformer is of the order of 10x less than in the US/Japanese model.
They do currently.
I can at talk for the French and Swiss system.
- Entire neighbourhood are served by a single 400V 3-phase transformer.
- For critical infrastructure, you do have sometimes two transformers in redundancy on the same local loop in case of failure on one.
There is no need for the pole type of transformer everywhere in the street with double layers of cable like in Japan or in the US.