Yes, over-utilization is a natural response to being undercharged. And being undercharged is a natural result when investors are throwing money at you. During bubbles, Silicon Valley often goes to "lose money, make it up with scale". With the vague idea that after you get to scale, THEN you can figure out how to make money. And fairly consistently, their idea for how to make money is "sell ads".
Past successes like Google encourage hope in this strategy. Sure, it mostly doesn't work. Most of of everything that VCs do doesn't work. Returns follow a power law, and a handful of successes in the tail drive the whole portfolio.
The key problem here doesn't lie in the fact that this strategy is being pursued. The key problem is that it is rare for first mover advantages to last with new technologies. That's why Netscape and Yahoo! aren't among the FAANGs today. The long-term wins go to whoever successfully create a sufficient moat for themselves to protect lasting excess returns. And the capabilities of each generation of AI leapfrogs the last so well that nobody has figured out how to create such a moat.
Today, 3 years after launching the first LLM chatbot, OpenAI is nowhere near as dominant as Netscape was in late 1997, 3 years after launching Netscape Navigator. I see no reason to expect that 30 years from now OpenAI will be any more dominant than Netscape is today.
Right now companies are pouring money into their candidates to win the AI race. But if the history of browsers repeats itself, the company that wins in the long-term would launch in about a year from now, focused on applications on top of AI. And its entrant into the AI wars wouldn't get launched until a decade after that! (Yes, that is the right timeline for the launch of Google, and Google's launch of Chrome.)
Investing in silicon valley is like buying a positive EV lottery ticket. An awful lot of people are going to be reminded the hard way that it is wiser to buy a lot of lottery tickets, than it is to sink a fortune into a single big one.
> Today, 3 years after launching the first LLM chatbot, OpenAI is nowhere near as dominant as Netscape was in late 1997.
Incorrect. There were about 150 millions Internet users in 1998, or 3.5% of total population. The number grew 10 times by 2008 [0]. Netwcape had about 50% of the browser market at the time [1]. In other words, Netscape dominated a small base and couldn’t keep it up.
ChatGPT has about 800 millions monthly users, or already 10% of total current population. Granted, not exclusively. ChatGPT is already a household name. Outside of early internet adopters, very few people knew who Netscape or what Navigator was.
Furthermore my point that the early market leaders are seldom the lasting winners is something that you can see across a large number of past financial bubbles through history. You'll find the same thing in, for example, trains, automobiles, planes, and semiconductors. The planes example is particularly interesting. Airline companies not only don't have a good competitive moat, but the mechanics of chapter 11 mean that they keep driving each other bankrupt. It is a successful industry, and yet it has destroyed tons of investment capital!
Despite your quibbles over the early browser market, my broader point stands. It's early days. AI companies do not have a competitive moat. And it is way to premature to reliably pick a winner.
Netscape in 1997/1998 had about 90% of the target market.
OpenAI today has about 30% of the target market, maybe? (seeing as how every single Windows installation comes with copilot chat already, it's probably less. Every non-tech user I know has already used copilot because it was bundled and Windows prompted them into using it with a popup. Only one of those non-tech users even heard of OpenAI, maybe 50% of them have heard that there are alternatives to Copilot, but they still aren't using those alternatives)
Past successes like Google encourage hope in this strategy. Sure, it mostly doesn't work. Most of of everything that VCs do doesn't work. Returns follow a power law, and a handful of successes in the tail drive the whole portfolio.
The key problem here doesn't lie in the fact that this strategy is being pursued. The key problem is that it is rare for first mover advantages to last with new technologies. That's why Netscape and Yahoo! aren't among the FAANGs today. The long-term wins go to whoever successfully create a sufficient moat for themselves to protect lasting excess returns. And the capabilities of each generation of AI leapfrogs the last so well that nobody has figured out how to create such a moat.
Today, 3 years after launching the first LLM chatbot, OpenAI is nowhere near as dominant as Netscape was in late 1997, 3 years after launching Netscape Navigator. I see no reason to expect that 30 years from now OpenAI will be any more dominant than Netscape is today.
Right now companies are pouring money into their candidates to win the AI race. But if the history of browsers repeats itself, the company that wins in the long-term would launch in about a year from now, focused on applications on top of AI. And its entrant into the AI wars wouldn't get launched until a decade after that! (Yes, that is the right timeline for the launch of Google, and Google's launch of Chrome.)
Investing in silicon valley is like buying a positive EV lottery ticket. An awful lot of people are going to be reminded the hard way that it is wiser to buy a lot of lottery tickets, than it is to sink a fortune into a single big one.