Sure, they could have taken a bit more, like proper AOT instead of it being a feature only available in third party commercial JDKs, or some low level niceties like C#.
I would look to the UCSD p-System as a precedent to the JVM. Both are byte-code interpreted VMs. Gosling used the p-system earlier in his career, prior to joining Sun.
1984: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Objective-C
1995: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_(programming_language)